Varanasi, also known as Benares, is a famous Indian city that is located on the banks of the Ganges. This city is known as the spiritual capital of India because thousands of Hindu pilgrims come to take a dip in the holy waters of the Ganges. Varanasi is also known as the religious city where many devotees perform the funeral rites of their family members. The city has a whopping number of temples - over 2000! In fact, it is believed that Lord Buddha founded the concept of Buddhism in Varanasi and this is where he delivered his first sermon. Varanasi or Benares is also known for the widely popular Banarasi silk, which many Indian brides wear during their wedding. Here is a detailed list of some of the top things Varanasi is famous for!
Travel advisory:
How to reach Varanasi: Varanasi is well connected with major Indian cities and can be accessed via road, rail, or air. You can avail of flights from Delhi, Kolkata, Mumbai, and other cities to Babatpur Airport Varanasi. The airport also caters to international flights. As for local transportation, the city offers easy transfers via taxis, e-rickshaws, cycle rickshaws, and auto-rickshaws.
Varanasi is best enjoyed in the months between October and March when the temperature is cool and pleasant. Make sure to carry woolen clothes if you’re visiting in the peak winter months and light cotton outfits for summer. For more information, check out the UP government website.
Tip from Content Creator
I have been heavily inspired by movies and TV series to visit particular destinations, and Banaras or Varanasi is one of them. Massan and Ranjhana are two Bollywood movies that were filmed here. Six years ago, when I visited the city for the very first time, I also experienced Dev Diwali, which is celebrated on a large scale.
Walking through the lanes of this city, eating 'paan', having sweets, relishing amazingly good food, having 'panipuri', taking shared autos, having conversations with strangers, and attending Ganga aarti is a blissful experience. You can also check out some nice cafes here such as Vaatika Cafe in Assi Ghat and Terracotta Cafe.
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1. Kashi Vishwanath Temple
There are temples at almost every turn in Varanasi, but Kashi Vishwanath Temple is the most celebrated of the lot. It is dedicated to Shiva as Lord of the universe. The current temple was built in 1776 by Maharani Ahilya Bai Holkar of Indore; while the 800 kg of gold plating on the tower and dome was supplied by Maharaja Ranjit Singh of Lahore in 1826.
Due to security and communal issues this temple is heavily guarded by the security personnel. Cameras, mobile phones, any other electronic devices, pointed objects, bags have to be deposited in the lockers after paying nominal fees of USD .30 before entering the passage towards Gate 2. As a foreigner, it will be simple to leave all things at the hotel and keep your passport along with you, if you can and devote special time towards visiting this temple.
Be prepared to walk past long lines of Indians going through metal detector and security check and then enter the temple through a door across the alley after you have deposited your shoes outside.
Once inside, witness an overwhelming sight of Hindus give an offering and touch the lingam (phallic symbol of Shiva), which clarifies one of all sins. Hindus regularly wait in lines for 48 hours to enter on particularly holy days. So, make plans accordingly if you are visiting Kashi Vishwanath Temple.
Kashi Vishwanath Temple
Address: Lahori Tola, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh 221001, India
Phone: +91 0542 239 2629
Website: Kashi Vishwanath Temple
Tip from Trip101 local expert
Being the most-awaited annual event in Varanasi, Maha Shivratri is celebrated with full-fledged glory at the Kashi Vishwanath Temple. If you are travelling to Varanasi during this glorious festival, make sure to reach the Kashi Vishwanath Temple as early as possible. This way you would be able to avoid the long lines and crowds.
2. Ganga Aarti
The Evening Aarti Ceremony at Ganges River in Varanasi is undoubtedly a sight you shall cherish for a long time. Brass lamps of around 5 kg are used during the spiritual greeting. Chants, fragrances of flowers and incense creates a blissful environment. The surreal ceremony must be viewed from the Dashaswamedha Ghat. The most enthralling Ganga Aarti at Varanasi is performed at Holy Dashaswamedha Ghat, near Kashi Vishwanath Temple.
The Ganga Aarti commences daily after sunset at around 6:45 p.m. and is joined by thousands of people, both tourists and pilgrims. The ceremony is a profoundly religious experience for Hindus and lasts for about 45 minutes. Starting with the sound of the holy chanting, bells ringing, conch shell blowing, and lamps that are circled around by the seven “pandits” (Hindu priests), accompanied by songs in praise of Mother Ganga. The ‘Ganga Aarti’ song is performed during the aarti. The entire aarti is graciously synchronized, spiritually enhancing and a spirited experience that spellbinds you.
Dashashwamedh Ghat
Address: Dashashwamedh Ghat Rd, Godowlia, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh 221001
Website: Dashashwamedh Ghat
3. Hinduism
Varanasi is the spiritual capital of India, especially for Hindus. It is the pilgrimage center for Hindus who stop by for a dip in the holy waters of Ganga that flows through the city. In fact, Varanasi is where many Hindus perform the funeral rites of their deceased family members. It is said that Varanasi is one of the seven holiest cities in Hinduism; it is considered as the giver of salvation by Hindus. The city is dedicated to Lord Shiva. Hindus believe that a dip in the holy waters of Ganga purifies them and wash their sins away.
4. Banarasi silk saree
Varanasi is known for its Banarasi silk saree! This is one of the finest and most exquisite saris made in India. A Banarasi silk saree is known for its fine silk, intricate gold design, silver or zari work, and its gorgeous embroidery. You will never get find a saree as gorgeous as a Banarasi silk saree anywhere in the world because these are inimitable. While the price can range from thousands to lakhs of Indian rupees, you should definitely consider buying one, depending on what your budget allows!
Varanasi Tour Guide
Ashish Kumar
My name is Ashish Kumar, and I am working as a tour guide in the Buddhist field in India. I am from Bodhgaya Bihar where Lord Buddha got enlightenment under a Bodhi tree. Guiding is an interesting and meaningful job. Bodhgaya is one of the most Buddhist spiritual destinations, attracting thousands of tourists and devotees from all over the world. I am an IITTF and Bihar Gov. approved tour guide... Read more
5. Gulabi Minakari
Gulabi Minakari is a rare craft that is only found in Varanasi. It is basically a Persian art form that seeped into the culture of Varanasi during the Mughal era. It involves colouring the surface of metals by fusing various colours. You will find Gulabi Minakari on small ornaments, showpieces, home decor, sculptures, key chains and so much more. In fact, Gulabi Minakari is also practised on jewellery. If you get the chance, do watch an artist at work.
6. Glass beads
Glass beads are another common art form that is found only in Varanasi. Local artists use glass beads to create necklaces, bangles, earrings and so much more. In fact, these beads are so exclusive that they are often referred to as ‘kaanch ke moti’ which means pearls of glass. The process of creating these beads is so intricate that it takes one artist around ten to fifteen minutes to make a single piece! The end result is a piece of beautiful jewellery accessible only at Varanasi!
7. Wooden toys
Varanasi is quite famous for adorable wooden toys that are widely available on the streets. Making wooden toys is a very old craft that requires expert craftsmanship and intricate detailing. From actual toys for children to sculptures of Gods and Goddesses and even showpieces like elephants and horses, these skilled artists create some beautiful wooden pieces. You should buy these wooden toys and souvenirs; plus, they’re great for gifting!
8. Handwoven carpets
Varanasi is famous around the world for its handwoven carpets. In fact, handwoven carpets from Varanasi has become so popular that a number of export houses have opened up in Varanasi to exclusively manufacture and export carpets. You can choose from various designs, a variety of colours, multiple patterns, different thread counts and so much more. While these carpets might be a little expensive, they are long-lasting and very high in quality. It makes them worth every cent.
10. Muslin fabrics
Muslin fabrics are soft and light fabrics that are just perfect for summer. Light, breathable and airy, you won’t want to wear anything else after you’ve discovered the joy of Muslin. Of course, these fabrics are manufactured in Varanasi so you can either buy rolls of this fabric and get something made or you can pick up ready-to-wear outfits from any clothing store! In fact, you’ll probably see Muslin fabrics t-shirts, kurtas, kurtis, skirts and even Muslin scarves at every street corner. Do check out the Varanasi fabric market for the same.
11. Sunrise boat trips
Start your travels with a 5 am sunrise boat trip up the river Ganges. Immerse yourself in the culture as you watch the locals bathe in the river, wash their clothes, and carry rice bags along the Ghats. Understand some nuances of Hindu mythology from an expert local guide. Witness the Hindu rituals being observed early in the morning, the chanting of the shlokas (verses) by the priests, the melodious bhajans (hymns), and the fragrance of the incense that wafts through the mild morning breeze, instantly transporting you to a whole new dimension.
Most likely having to negotiate a price, travelers hostel Stops offers guests a trip for a price of 100 INR (1.19 USD) – bargain! Do not be tempted to join the bathers in the river as you may come across some unsightly things and become quite ill.
12. Shopping spots
There is an assortment of shops in Varanasi where you can purchase a Banarasi silk sari or a pashmina shawl; however, be alert of tourist guides who often lure undoubting tourists in buying lesser quality merchandise while getting a commission for taking you into a store. Discover your way to Baba Black Sheep in Bhelupura Crossing and U.P. Cottage Emporium run by Nawal Kishore in Tripura Bhairawi for the best quality Benarasi silk merchandise.
But if you want to see how these beautiful Benarasi sarees are made, head over to Sarai Mohana where the weavers of Varanasi are internationally renowned for creating some of the most beautiful masterpieces. The Banarasi sarees made by these waivers are among the finest saris in India, well known for their gold and silver brocade, fine silk and opulent embroidery. These saris are mostly used by Indian bride. In the village of Sarai Mohana, get to know with the craftsmanship of the weavers with their dissimilar design. These weavers work hard on designing these sarees to keep its individuality. The masterpiece of the sari needs 15 days to a one month and sometimes up to six months to complete.
Varanasi is also known for its wooden toys and you can stop by New Agrawal Toys Emporium at Assi Ghat for authentic wooden toys, figurines, jewelry, clothes and furnishings in between their overcrowded three floors. If you are in a mood for buying jewelry, look no further than Suneeta Jewellers at Assi Ghat, where the owner of the store will be glad to show you their sacred symbol collection which in itself is a treasure chest filled with gems that will entice any lover of the mysterious.
Baba Black Sheep
Address: B 12/120 A-9 (Near Kerela Cafe), Bhelupura Crossing, 221010 Varanasi, U.P.
Hours: 8 a.m. to 9 p.m. (All Days)
Website: Baba Black Sheep
U.P Cottage Industries
Address: B.5/40C, Shivala Opp Vishal Mega Mart, 221005 Varanasi, U.P.
Phone: +91 093698 22600
Hours: 9 a.m. to 9 p.m. (All days)
New Agrawal Toys Emporium
Address: B 1/158 A, Assi Ghat, Shivala, 221005 Varanasi, U. P.
Phone: +91 093367 34953
Hours: 8:30 a.m. to 9:30 p.m. (All days)
Suneeta Jewellers
Address: B 1/160, Assi Ghat, 221005 Varanasi, U.P.
Phone : +91-542-2314951; +91-9839146944
Website: Suneeta Jewellers
Sarai Mohana Village
Address: Chiraigaon Tehsil, 221007 Varanasi, U.P.
13. Ghats (flight of steps leading down to a river).
Spend hours strolling along the Ghats learning what each one means and represents. Dashaswamedh and Asi are Varanasi’s most popular bathing Ghats. Here you can enchant yourself by catching a glimpse of Worshippers and bathers and maybe even bump into a cow or two! In the evenings, you can watch the mesmerizing Ganga Aarti on these Ghats. The Ghats can be visited at any time unless it’s monsoon season when the water level is too high.
14. Sadhus
Sadhus are India’s Holy men and can often be found along the Ghats. They’re completely mesmerizing to look at, and you can be sure to see them meditating and bathing along the river. Taking photos of them is an obvious go-to, but you must ask their permission first. It is also common to pop a bit of money down by their side as a thank you!
15. Vibrant alleyways
Editor's Note: There's no photo available at the time of writing
The older part of Varanasi is filled with small alleyways that you can guarantee getting lost in. Full of beautiful stores, jewelry makers, and street food stalls, the Galis, (which I prefer to call the maze) are sure to get you excited about embracing India. It can become quite claustrophobic so here’s hoping you do get lost and stumble across the famous Blue Lassie for an indulgent treat.
Festivals to experience in Varanasi
There probably isn’t a single month when Varanasi is not amidst festivities. The city celebrates its festivals with such enthusiastic passion that it is tough not to get drawn into the fete. Pick your favorite from the festivals below and try to plan your visit around it to have a memorable experience!
16. Maha Shivaratri (February)
Welcome to the marriage procession (baraat) of Lord Shiva! The city is in hysteria as hundreds of small groups carry adorned Shiva idols in parades to the Shiva temples. As stated in Hindu mythology, this day celebrates Lord Shiva’s nuptial to Goddess Parvati. In true Varanasi style, the day cannot be deprived of bhaang and sweets, which are offered on roadsides to anyone passing by. The parades start in the evenings and the celebrations go on until the wee hours of the morning. An entry into the Kashi Vishwanath temple on this day is almost impossible and should be avoided at all costs unless you are the adventurous type.
Maha Shivaratri
Website: Maha Shivaratri
17. Holi (March)
The streets of Varanasi are drenched in color and bhaang (a concoction of cannabis, milk and spices) through the Hindu festival of Holi. You should be valiant enough to enter the crowds in the streets and join in the festivities, though it’s highly recommended that you be a spectator from the rooftop and play Holi only with people you know for safety reasons. The entire streets are laced with multi-colored powder during Holi becomes more bright and exciting. Though carefulness during the festival is suggested, one cannot keep away from the cheery ambiance and the enthusiastic celebrations.
Holi
Website: Holi
18. Ram Leela (October)
The Ram Leela of Varanasi is an awe-inspiring experience where the month-long festival that involves narrations and portrayals from the epic Ramayana, takes place in the town of Ramnagar. A large ground, a lake and the fort become part of the moving stages. Children, who play the part of the lead roles in the story move from one stage to another with the whole town in tow. The festival is almost holy for the locals here and these children are treated like the Gods for the entire month. If heading towards the holy city of Kashi, join the locals for a truly unique experience.
Ram Leela
Website: Ram Leela
19. Dev Deepavali (November)
Come to Varanasi if you want to celebrate Deepavali with the Gods. The fifteenth day of Diwali is when, followers believe, that the Gods descend from the heavens to celebrate the festival on the Ghats. The Ghats are washed, cleaned and the hundreds of people arrive to decorate with Rangolis (powdered patterns) before lighting thousands of clay lamps on the steps to create a spectacular visual treat. The Ganga Mahotsav heralds the festival, and the ghats come alive as a platform to present Varanasi’s performing arts and crafts for four days. Wrestling competitions, traditional games, diverse vegetarian cuisines, music and dance performances are held for the duration of the festival which ends with Dev Deepavali.
Dev Deepavali
Website: Dev Deepavali
Enjoy everything vibrant Varanasi has to offer
There is so much to see and do in Varanasi. From experiencing the Ganga Aarti to visiting Hindu temples, you get to soak in the vibrant vibe of the spiritual capital of India. And of course, you can shop till you drop, choosing from the Banarasi silk saris, wooden toys, glass beads, and Gulabi Minakari works. Use this article as a guide and have a spectacular trip!
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