Top 11 Things To Do In Pamukkale, Turkey - Updated 2024

things to do in pammukale
Alfred
Alfred 
Updated
| 4 min read

Pamukkale, no doubt the most visited place in Turkey is a gem to behold. Also known as the “Cotton Castle”, it is a place so rich in tourist attractions and medieval history that you can feel it the moment you arrive. The name Cotton Castle is derived from the dazzling cotton white terraces which resulted from mineral precipitates of the hot springs coating the surrounding rocks creating travertines. The dazzling attractions include travertines, hot springs, believed to cure numerous ailments, and ruins of an ancient city called Hierapolis. For lovers of medieval history, a lot has been preserved in the archaeological museum where a sizeable section has been devoted to historical exhibits. It will easily take you on a trip back in time to the earlier centuries when the city prospered. Read on for a list of the top things to do in Pamukkale, Turkey.

Tip from tour guide

Here are some interesting facts about Pamukkale, a must-visit destination in Turkiye.

1. Pamukkale is more than 100 m (328 ft) high and can be seen from the closest town, Denizli, located around 20 km (12 mi) away.

2. The waters of its hot springs are between 35°C (95°F) and 100°C (212°F).

3. The Sacred Pool in Pamukkale is also known as Cleopatra’s Pool as the Egyptian Queen is said to have swum there.

4. In the area, there are 17 hot water springs.

5. Pamukkale has over 2 million visitors per year and is also one of Turkey’s most-visited spots.

1. Get ready to explore the depths of ancient marvels at Ploutonion at Hierapolis

Plutonium (Pluto's Gate) in Hierapolis 01
Source: Photo by Wikimedia Commons user Carole Raddato used under CC BY-SA 2.0

Ploutonion at Hierapolis is a site that promises to take guests on a captivating journey through the enchantment of ancient marvels and mystical wonders. Discovered by Italian archaeologists in 1965, the site is sure to leave a lasting impression on all who visit.

According to extensive research, the Ploutonion and the adjacent Apollo’s Oracle of Hierapolis were purposefully built on a seismic fault that held great significance as the “Gateway of Hades,”. You will be mesmerised here as this place boasts fascinating structures, including the Statue of Hades and Cerberus, the Entrance and the Dedicatory Inscription and the Old Ploutonion.

Ploutonion at Hierapolis

Address: Pamukkale, Denizli Province, Turkey

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2. Be mesmerised by the enchanting oasis of Karahayit Hot Springs

The mud pools of Karayahit near Denizli
Source: Photo by Flickr user shankar s. used under CC BY 2.0

Indulge in a truly delightful experience at the captivating Karahayit Hot Springs, where the healing powers of nature blend seamlessly with the comforting touch of mineral-laden, warm waters. The natural hot springs boast a unique display of red and orange terraces, a result of the high mineral concentration in the water.

This picturesque sight is set against a stunning backdrop of lush green hills and a clear blue sky, creating a surreal ambience. The exceptional colour scheme of this palette serves as a testament to the therapeutic qualities attributed to the spot for over 5,000 years, according to local beliefs.

Karahayit Hot Springs

Address: Karahayit Town, Denizli, Turkey

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3. Experience the breathtaking view from Pamukkale hot air balloon tours (from USD 120.0)

Embark on an unforgettable adventure with the Pamukkale hot air balloon tour. It will allow you to experience the breathtaking beauty of the Pamukkale travertine from a whole new perspective. Experience the enchanting sensation of soaring through the air on a 35-minute hot-air balloon ride. During the tour, you will have champagne and breakfast to enhance your overall experience.

The tour also guarantees a safe experience by providing reliable and secure measures to ensure your well-being. Before departure, passengers will receive a thorough safety briefing to acquaint them with the essential precautions and protocols. Rest assured that all safety measures are in place, including insurance that complies with the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) requirements.

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Pamukkale Small-Group Sunrise Hot Air Balloon Tour

Duration: 2 hours

17 reviews

4. Indulge in an unforgettable adventure with this paragliding experience by local expert pilots (from USD 30.0)

Prepare to soar like a bird and enjoy the adrenaline of paragliding, led by skilled local pilots who know the skies like the back of their hand. As you fly above Pamukkale’s magnificent and world-renowned White Mountain, prepare to be amazed. You’ll be flying with a skilled pilot who will assure your safety and make your experience remarkable while strapped securely in a tandem paragliding harness.

You can be confident that you will be outfitted with top-of-the-line paragliding equipment that has been constantly maintained and is designed to deliver maximum comfort and safety. Furthermore, a full safety briefing will be given before your flight to familiarise yourself with the equipment and procedures. Pickup service from all hotels in Pamukkale and Karahayt is included to make your experience even more convenient.

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Pamukkale Paragliding Experience By Local Expert Pilots

Duration: 1 hour

25 reviews

5. Take a relaxing walk on travertines

Pamukkale 12
Source: Photo by Wikimedia Commons user Schubbay used under CC BY-SA 3.0

The heated lava beneath Pamukkale region warms up the underground water which eventually bubbles onto the surface dissolving mineral calcium. This water gets saturated, and when the ultimate solution reaches ground level, flowing down the steep slopes, it naturally cools down in the open-air. The calcium solidifies to form white crystals that stick to the rocks and soil forming iconic white calcium coatings called travertines. Apart from the beauty of the coated white rocks, the hot mineral water was believed to carry health benefits hence the Romans built a spa where citizens dip themselves to enjoy health benefits. To get the best experience visit early in the morning or late in the afternoon.

Travertines

Address: 20190 Pamukkale/Denizli, Turkey

Website: Travertines

Opening hours: 8am - 9pm (daily)

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6. Explore the ruins of Hierapolis city and theater

Hierapolis, in front of the theatre
Source: Photo by Wikimedia Commons user Dguendel used under CC BY 3.0

Hierapolis, meaning holy city, was founded in the early 2nd century, finally abandoned in the 14th century. It has always been a prosperous city, thanks to the many tourists who flocked at the hot springs believed to cure various ailments. Famous for its sacred hot springs, the city was associated with the underworld god, Pluto. In 17BC the city was completely destroyed by a big earthquake, thereafter rebuilt and completely abandoned in 1334 for fear of earthquakes. The ruins include an archaeological museum protected as a UNESCO World Heritage Site and open as a tourist attraction. As a lover of medieval history head to these ruins where an experienced guide will wow you with the ancient tales of the city. You are welcome to sit in an amphitheatre and admire the surroundings. The ruins include a castle, a Byzantine church, a necropolis, the city walls, and a collonaded street.

Hierapolis city ruins and theater

Address: 20280 Pamukkale/Denizli, Turkey

Opening hours: 24 hours (daily)

Tip from tour guide

Visit the well-preserved Roman theater right in the center of the ancient city of Hierapolis. The theater dates back to the 2nd century CE, when it was constructed on the ruins of an older theater that collapsed during an earthquake. Built under Emperor Hadrian, the theater was later restored by Septimius Severus. The later additions include limestone and marble carvings on its scaenae frons. A diazoma (passageway) separates the theater into upper and lower enclosures or caveas, which could once accommodate around 15,000 people. Recent efforts have helped restore most of the cavea.
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7. Swim in Pamukkale Antique Pool

Cleopatras Pool
Source: Photo by user Emma Websdale used under CC BY 2.0

This antique pool dates back to the Roman times when it was officially used as a health spa. It forms part of the ancient city of Hierapolis though it has been modernized to become a wonderful tourist attraction where visitors can take a therapeutic dip in the mineral-rich water. The water is normally comfortably warm and deep enough to accommodate adult swimming. If visiting with your family, you shouldn’t be worried as there are areas shallow and suitable for children. If you aren’t ready for a swim you can sit by the pool watching the swimmers. By the pool, you will find souvenir shops where you can buy something to take back home. Snack shops are also present offering dainty bites in case you feel peckish after the exciting swim in the pools.

Pamukkale Antique Pool

Address: Kale Mahallesi, 20190 Pamukkale/Denizli, Turkey

Website: Pamukkale Antique Pool

Opening hours: 6am - 9pm (daily)

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8. Learn medieval history at Hierapolis Archaeological Museum

Hierapolis Archaeology Museum, Turkey
Source: Photo by user Carole Raddato used under CC BY-SA 2.0

Hierapolis Archaeology Museum is close to Pamukkale Antique Pool above the iconic travertines of Pamukkale. After an adventurous tour to the ruins of Hierapolis and the amphitheatre, and perhaps after a relaxing dip in the warm waters of the antique pool, this would be a sensible next step to ensure you completely learn the archaeological history of the place. The antique museum is uniquely partitioned into three different sections with each section having different kinds of exhibits of historical value, artefacts, statues, gravestones, and even idols.

Hierapolis Archaeological Museum

Address: Sümer Mahallesi, 2259. Sokak No:12, 20020 Merkez/Pamukkale/Denizli, Turkey

Website: Hierapolis Archaeological Museum

Opening hours: 8:30am - 7pm (daily)

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9. Tour the cotton castle

Travertine pools at Pamukkale, Turkey (3)
Source: Photo by Wikimedia Commons user Frank K. used under CC BY 2.0

Pamukkale is a paradise found in Denizli Province, Southeast of Turkey. The word Pamukkale translates to “cotton castle” in Turkish. It has been popular and famous for over 2000 years because of the existence of hot springs that are believed to be curative. The hot springs have been frequented by visitors and locals for centuries as a bathing spot. The warm water comes from underground dissolving calcium minerals which solidifies on the surface forming white deposits called travertines. Travertines are popular tourist attraction in Pamukkale. Forming part of the cotton castle is a medieval ruin of Hierapolis which was destroyed during an earthquake. Due to its historical significance, the ruins have been protected as a UNESCO World Heritage Centre.

Cotton castle

Address: 20280 Pamukkale/Denizli, Turkey

Tip from tour guide

Video of the hot spring waters in Pamukkale shared by Turkey tour guide, Rose.
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10. Swing by the Basilica Bath

Posted by Deboline Mitra on Saturday, 10 November 2018

Found within the ancient ruins of Hierapolis city, the Pamukkale Basilica Bath is strategically situated at the Frontinus Gate. A renovation in the 5th century AD led to the original bath being converted into a three-nave Basilica. Located just outside the city gate, this dated monument was meant for purification and cleansing before entering into the city. For a complete understanding of the ruined city, take your time to explore this ancient attraction where you are free to take beautiful photos as keepsake.

The Basilica Bath

Address: Kale, 20190 Pamukkale/Denizli Merkez/Denizli, Turkey

Opening hours: 7am - 9pm (daily)

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11. Venture through Pamukkale South Gate

The Southern Byzantine Gate of Pamukkale Hierapolis Ancient City

Posted by Wang Hock Lim on Tuesday, 12 November 2019

Pamukkale Hierapolis ruins have three different access points, namely Pamukkale town gate, Pamukkale North Gate and Pamukkale South Gate. The south gate is approximately 2.5 km (1.5 mi) up a hilly stretch from the ruins of the ancient city. An adventure of the ruins through this iconic gate will mean a trek uphill to the amphitheatre then later an easy stroll downwards to other locations within the ruins.

Pamukkale South Gate

Address: 20280 Pamukkale/Denizli Merkez/Denizli, Turkey

Opening hours: 6:30am - 8pm (daily)

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Pamukkale - a must visit

Turkey is a country that you must visit at least once in your lifetime. When here, Pamukkale is a perfect destination to begin with. With several attractions to keep you engaged throughout your holiday, this adventurous trip is bound to be unforgettable.

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Any must-sees we missed? Tell us about them in the comments section or write a post here to help out fellow travelers!

In light of the February 2023 earthquake that devastated Turkey and Syria, Trip101 urges you to be apprised of the latest news if you have any plans to travel to Eastern Turkey. Other parts of the country remain open to travelers.

Disclosure: Trip101 selects the listings in our articles independently. Some of the listings in this article contain affiliate links.

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Alfred is a freelance writer delighted to be a part of the Trip 101 team. He is focused on gathering experience to enable him to vividly depict the world around us. Alfred's content creation aims...Read more

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